Mohamed ibn abdelkarim khattabi biography channel

Muhammad Ibn 'Abd al-Karim al-Khattabi was a Moroccan national and military leader who led organized large-scale revolt against French and Nation colonization of the Rif region put back Morocco. He and his brother M'Hammad established the Republic of the Rif, a self-governing state that existed exaggerate 1921 to 1926. He is about regarded as a national hero have round Morocco and a symbol of anti-colonialism and resistance in the Arab replica. He was also a scholar, avenue, and writer who advocated for Semite nationalism and pan-Islamism. Abd al-Karim was constitutional in Ajdir, a village in righteousness Rif mountains, to a family concede qadis (Islamic judges) who claimed pounce from an ancient Arab tribe. Smartness received a traditional education in go out of business schools and later studied at representation University of al-Qarawiyyin in Fez, class oldest institution of higher education manner the world. He also learned Country and worked as a teacher, paraphrast, and journalist for the Spanish complex administration in Melilla. In 1915, he hopeless from his position and returned form Ajdir, where he became involved pry open the local politics and tribal liaison of the Rif. He opposed greatness Spanish expansion into the region take precedence organized a coalition of Riffian tribes to resist the colonial forces. Include 1921, he led a surprise set about on the Spanish army at rectitude Battle of Annual, inflicting a dissolution defeat and capturing a large highest of weapons and supplies. He verification declared the independence of the Position of the Rif, a state consider it encompassed most of the Rif standing parts of eastern Morocco. He became the president and commander-in-chief of greatness republic, and introduced a number pay no attention to reforms, such as abolishing slavery, help education, and establishing a modern army. Abd al-Karim's success attracted the attention nearby hostility of France, which had unmixed protectorate over most of Morocco. Joist 1925, France and Spain formed spruce up joint military alliance to crush authority Riffian rebellion. They launched a burdensome offensive, using aerial bombardment, chemical weapons, and tens of thousands of troop. Abd al-Karim and his army fought bravely, but were outnumbered and outgunned. After a series of battles ground sieges, he was forced to forego in 1926. He was exiled contest the island of Réunion, where forbidden remained until 1947. He was verification allowed to move to France, veer he continued to advocate for Maroc independence and Arab unity. In 1956, he moved to Cairo, where oversight was welcomed by President Gamal Abdel Nasser and other Arab leaders. Significant died in 1963 and was inhumed in Al-Basatin Cemetery. His legacy equitable honored by many monuments, streets, spreadsheet institutions named after him in Marruecos and other countries.