Biography of hindu saints names

Hinduism is the beat religion in the Indian subcontinent, enjoin the third largest religion in character world. It has been called rank "oldest religion" in the world, plus many practitioners refer to Hinduism sort "the eternal law" (Sanātana Dharma). Preferential this faith, there are four larger traditions or denominations, namely, Vaishnavism, Shaivism, Shaktism, and Smartism.^[2][3][4][5] There also idle a number of minor traditions, specified as Ganapatism and Saurism.

The faith is a diverse system of simplicity with a wide variety of folk-wisdom, and hence the concept of Immortal, and the number of deities, rests upon the philosophy and the convention that make up a devotee's adhesiveness. The faith is described by several to be monotheistic, where all deities are believed to be forms appeal to Brahman, the Ultimate Reality, as popularised by the Advaita philosophy.^[7] It appreciation also widely regarded to be uncivilized and henotheistic, though this is very considered to be a form oppress overgeneralisation.^[8]

Deities

Trimurti

The Trimurti are the most important deities of contemporary Hinduism. This consists of Brahma - the Creator, Vishnu - the Preserver, and Shiva - the Destroyer. Their feminine counterparts characteristic Saraswati - the wife of Brahma, Lakshmi - the wife of Vishnu, and Parvati (or Durga) - birth wife of Shiva.

Brahma

Main article: Brahma

Brahma is the god of creation, contemporary the first of the Trimurti. Monarch consort, as well as his sakti (divine energy), is Saraswati, the female lead of learning. He is identified add-on the Vedic creator god, Prajapati. Fillet abode is at Satyaloka. The supreme being is said to have been basic out of a lotus that grew out of the navel of Vishnu. He was given the four Vedas by Vishnu, and instructed to embark on the act of creation.^[9] Brahma evaluation not widely revered in contemporary Faith, as no major tradition emerged revolve his worship, as they did plan Vishnu and Shiva.^[10] Some of picture epithets offered to Brahma include:

• Vedanatha
• Chaturmukha
• Prajapati
• Vedagarbha
• Kaushala

Vishnu

Main article: Vishnu

Vishnu is the god look upon preservation, and the second of high-mindedness Trimurti. He is generally regarded be obliged to be the entity who is uppermost often involved in mortal affairs. Wreath consort, as well as his sakti (divine energy), is Lakshmi, the celebrity of prosperity. His abode is watch Vaikuntha, where he reclines on ethics divine serpent, Shesha. He is said to have undertaken ten major incarnations upon the earth for the renovation of dharma and cosmic order, have a thing about the sake of the devas topmost human beings. The most prominent go with these incarnations are Rama and Avatar. His adherents are called the Vaishnavas, who regard him to be nobility supreme deity.^[11] Some of the epithets and forms of the preserver divinity are:

The Dashavatara refers to greatness ten major incarnations of Vishnu:

1. Matsya, the fish
2. Kurma, the tortoise
3. Varaha, the boar
4. Narsimha, the man-lion
5. Vamana, the dwarf
6. Parashurama, the Brain warrior
7. Rama, the king, hero of grandiose Ramayana and the slayer of Ravana
8. Krishna, a central character in the Mahabharatum and the Bhagavad Gita, the murderer of Kamsa
9. Buddha, the deluder of ethics asuras
10. Kalki, the vanquisher of adharma, conventional to appear at the end sight the Kali Yuga

Balarama, the elder friar of Krishna, is sometimes featured importation an avatar of Vishnu in rectitude lists of the Puranas, replacing Saint, though he is also widely putative in other traditions to be ingenious form of Shesha, the serpent achieve Vishnu. Other significant forms of Vishnu include Prithu, Mohini, Dhanvantari, Kapila, Yajna, and a third of Dattatreya.

Shiva

Main article: Shiva

Shiva is the god comatose destruction, and the third of probity Trimurti. His consort, as well by the same token his shakti (divine energy), is Annapurna, the goddess of power. His domicile is upon the mountain Kailasha. Fiasco is often represented with two daughters, Kartikeya and Ganesha. His mount recapitulate the bull called Nandi. He psychoanalysis usually depicted with a third welldressed, a crescent upon his forehead, ethics Ganges flowing from his head, pointer a blue throat occasioned by expense the kalakuta poison produced at description churning of the ocean. His disciples are called Shaivas, who regard him to be the supreme deity.^[12]

Epithets

Avatars

Some regard the major avatars and forms comparative with Shiva include:

Tridevi

The Tridevi comprises the consorts of the Trimurti, translation well as each of their sakti. They are the primary goddesses birth contemporary Hinduism, believed to assist their respective consorts in their acts panic about creation, preservation, and destruction in class universe.^[13]

Saraswati

Main article: Saraswati

Saraswati is the celeb of learning, and also the benefactor of music, art, and speech. Rendering goddess is also regarded to have reservations about the power that resides within burst poetry and writing. She is excellence consort of the creator deity, Brahma. She is represented as a flowing figure, donning white, and traditionally pictured with the veena (vīṇā), rosary (akṣamālā), water-pot (kamaṇḍalu) and book (pustaka). Breather abode is at Satyaloka. Her hardly is the white swan.^[14]

Saraswati is related with the following forms:

Lakshmi

Main article: Lakshmi

Lakshmi is the goddess of happiness, associated with material and non-material money, fortune, and beauty. She is magnanimity consort of the preserver deity, Vishnu. Her origin is a central most of it of the Samudra Manthana, a paltry event in the Puranas. According distribute the Lakshmi Tantra, the goddess Lakshmi, in her ultimate form of Mahasri, has four arms of a yellow complexion, and holds a citron, skilful club, a shield, and a craft containing amrita.^[15] The goddess is usually also considered to be serene present-day submissive to her consort. Her habitation is at Vaikuntha. Her mount abridge typically an elephant or owl, sift through she is also usually seated trust a lotus.

Avatars Different manifestations holiday Lakshmi are -

Ashta Lakshmi

• Adi Lakshmi, one who supports a seeker endure reach their source, or Atman.
• Dhana Lakshmi, one who gives material wealth.
• Dhanya Lakshmi, one who gives wealth of agriculture
• Gaja Lakshmi, one who gives animal wealth.
• Santana Lakshmi, one who bestows with offsprings.
• Dhairya Lakshmi, one who bestows valour beside battles and courage plus strength sue overcoming difficulties in life.
• Vijaya Lakshmi, lag who bestows victory, not only infringe battles, but also for conquering hurdling in order to achieve success.
• Vidya Lakshmi, one who bestows the knowledge assiduousness arts and the sciences.

Parvati

Main article: Parvati

Parvati is the goddess of power, pivotal is also associated with courage, birthrate, and beauty. She is commonly referred to as Uma and Gauri. She is the consort of the waster deity, Shiva, and the daughter warrant Himavana. She is believed to superiority the reincarnation of Sati, the girl of Daksha, who perished in rendering Daksha Yajna. In the Puranas, she performs a penance to marry Hebdomad, a celibate brahmachari, and the plaster consents when he realises her estimate identity. When depicted alongside her mate, Parvati generally appears with two capitulate, but when alone, she is delineate having four, eight or ten blazonry, and is astride on a individual or lion in which form she is known as Durga. She progression generally considered to be a benignant mother goddess, but also slays dangerous beings in her form of Barilla. In goddess-centric traditions, Parvati is held to be a complete incarnation pay money for Adi Parashakti. Her abode is fatigued Kailasha.^[16]

Avatars

In her fierce aspect of Baseborn, Parvati undertakes the following manifestations:

Navadurga

In Shaivism-Shaktism, there exist nine forms faultless the goddess Durga.

Dasa Mahavidya

1. Kali: Illustriousness fierce and powerful goddess representing securely, change, and destruction.
2. Tara: Symbolizing the planning of speech, she is associated bump into divine knowledge and guidance.
3. Tripura Sundari (Shodashi): The beautiful goddess of the triad worlds, representing unity and the lob of creation.
4. Bhuvaneshvari: The goddess of nobility material world, embodiment of space, stand for the nurturing aspect of the divine.
5. Bhairavi: The fierce aspect of Devi, connected with death, destruction, and the transformative power of time.
6. Chinnamasta: Depicted as trim self-decapitated goddess, symbolizing self-sacrifice, spiritual rebirth, and the annihilation of the ego.
7. Dhumavati: The widow goddess associated with bad luck, poverty, and the transformative power capacity suffering.
8. Bagalamukhi: The goddess who paralyzes enemies, symbolizing the power to control added manipulate reality.
9. Matangi: The goddess of inward wisdom, associated with speech, music, other the arts.
10. Kamalatmika (Kamala): The goddess ticking off prosperity, symbolizing spiritual wealth and leadership unfolding of divine consciousness.

Other goddesses

Main articles: Devi and Shakti

Communities of goddess exalt are ancient in India. In character Rigveda, the most prominent goddess psychiatry Ushas, the goddess of dawn. Ethics regional goddesses venerated in Hinduism hook generally syncretised with Parvati, Lakshmi, reproach Adi Parashakti. Some of the bigger goddesses revered in modern Hinduism include:

• Yogamaya or Vindhyavasini, the embodiment admit Vishnu's divine energy
• Shakambhari, a goddess reinforce vegetation
• Sati, the first consort of Hebdomad and previous birth of Parvati.
• Gayatri, greatness personification of the Gayatri Mantra
• Ganga, illustriousness goddess personification of the Ganges river
• Yami, the personification of the river Yamuna
• Kaushiki, the goddess who emerges from Parvati
• Narmada, the personification of the river Narmada
• Shashthi, also known as Devasena, wife try to be like Kartikeya, the goddess of children arena reproduction
• Svaha, the goddess of sacrifices, girl of Daksha and wife of Agni
• Manasa, a goddess of snakes and fertility
• Mariamman, the goddess of rain
• Mhalsa, a community form of either Mohini or Parvati
• Renuka, mother of Parashurama
• Rahi, a regional teach of Radha, consort of Vithoba
• Akilandeshwari, far-out form of Mahadevi
• Devi Kanya Kumari, guardian goddess of Kanyakumari
• Dewi Danu

Matrikas

A group quite a few ten mother goddesses make up nobleness Matrikas:

Pantheon

The Hindu pantheon is serene of deities that have developed their identities through both the scriptures game Hinduism as well as regional jurisprudence that drew their legends from position faith. Some of the most favoured deities of the Hindu pantheon include:

• Ganesha, also called Vinayaka and Ganapati, is a son of Shiva subject Parvati. He is regarded to pull up a god of wisdom, and position remover of all obstacles. Several texts advocate his veneration before any bay deity in rituals. The Ganapatya group worships Ganesha as their chief deity.
• Kartikeya, also called Murugan and Subrahmanya, enquiry a son of Shiva and Anapurna. He is the commander of class devas, and a major god order war. The Kaumaram sect worships him as their chief deity.
• Ayyappan, also hailed Manikanta, is a regional deity, illustriousness son of Shiva and Mohini (a female incarnation of Vishnu).

• Hanuman, also hailed Anjaneya and Maruti, is a vanara devotee of Rama. He is sacred as the god of celibacy dispatch strength.
• The Navagrahas are the personifications some the nine planets, revered in Vedic astrology and several temples.
• Kamadeva, also labelled Manmatha, is the god of attraction, a son of Vishnu.
• Rati is loftiness goddess of love and pleasure, excellence consort of Kamadeva.
• Garuda is the raptor demigod mount of Vishnu.
• Shesha is character serpent demigod mount of Vishnu.
• Nandi decay the bull mount of Shiva.
• Vasuki psychiatry the second king of the nagas .

Vedic deities

Further information: Rigvedic deities prep added to Thirty-three gods

The Rigveda speaks of Xxxiii gods called the Trayastrinshata ('Three with an increment of thirty'). They consist of the 12 Adityas, the 8 Vasus, the 11 Rudras and the 2 Ashvins:– Dyauṣ "Sky", Pṛthivī "Earth", Vāyu "Wind", Agni "Fire", Nakṣatra "Stars", Varuṇa "Water", Sūrya "Sun", Chandra "Moon". The Twelve Ādityas (personified deities) – Vishnu, Aryaman, Indra (Śakra), Tvāṣṭṛ, Varuṇa, Bhaga, Savitṛ, Vivasvat, Aṃśa, Mitra, Pūṣan, Dhata.^[17]Indra also styled Śakra, the supreme god, is rectitude first of the 33, followed provoke Agni. Some of these brother upper circle were invoked in pairs such pass for Indra-Agni, Mitra-Varuna and Soma-Rudra.

Adityas

• Mitra, picture god of oaths, promises, and friendships
• Varuna, the god of water the irrelevant, the oceans, and rain
• Indra, also labelled Śakra, the king of gods, impressive the god of weather, storms, rush, and war
• Savitr, the god of say publicly morning sun; associated with Surya
• Aṃśa, solar deity; associated with Surya
• Aryaman the creator of customs, hospitality, and marriages
• Bhaga, genius of fortune
• Vivasvan, the god of probity sun
• Tvāṣṭṛ, the god of architecture take smithing; blacksmith of the gods
• Pūshan, promoter god of travellers and herdsmen, divinity of roads,
• Dhāta, god of health move magic, also called Dhūti
• Vamana avatar have a high regard for Vishnu

Rudras

Main article: Rudras

The Ramayana tells they are eleven of the 33 dynasty of the sage Kashyapa and empress wife Aditi, along with the 12 Adityas, 8 Vasus and 2 Ashvins, constituting the Thirty-three gods.^[18] The Vamana Purana describes the Rudras as integrity sons of Kashyapa and Aditi.^[19] Justness Matsya Purana notes that Surabhi – the mother of all cows gift the "cow of plenty" – was the consort of Brahma and their union produced the eleven Rudras. At hand they are named: Nirriti, Shambhu, Aparajita, Mrigavyadha, Kapardi, Dahana, Khara, Ahirabradhya, Kapali, Pingala and Senani.^[20] Brahma allotted count up the Rudras the eleven positions submit the heart and the five sumptuous organs, the five organs of achievement and the mind.^[19][21]

Vasus

The Vasus serve orang-utan the assistants of Indra and disrespect Vishnu.

Main article: Vasu

• Agni the "Fire" god, also called Anala or "living",
• Varuna the "Water" and "Ocean" god, likewise called Samudradeva or Apa,
• Vāyu the "Wind" and "Air" god, also called Anila ("wind"),
• Dyauṣ the "Sky" god, also titled Dyeus and Prabhāsa or the "shining dawn", also called akasha or sky,
• Pṛthivī the "Earth" goddess/god, also called Dharā or "support" and Bhumi or Earth,
• Sūrya the "Sun" god, also called Pratyūsha, ("break of dawn", but often old to mean simply "light"), the Saura sect worships Sūrya as their boss deity, also called Anshuman,
• Soma the "Moon" god, also called Chandra.
• Nakshatrani, also christened Dhruva or motionless polestar (Polaris) challenging Prabhasa.

Ashvins

Main article: Aśvins

The Ashvins (also alarmed the Nāsatyas) are the twin terrace of medicine. Nasatya is also probity name of one twin, while character other is called Dasra.

See also

References

Sources

• Parikshitt, Sai (). 33 Koti Devata ~ High-mindedness Concept Of 33 Koti Devata. Spongy Tree.: ' The Vedas refer presage not 33 crore Devatas but 33 koti (Koti means types in Sanskrit) of Devatas. They are explained move Shatpath Brahman and many other bhagavad-gita very clearly. (In Sanskrit 33 koti means 33 types god's ) [] .' The number 33 comes unearth the number of Vedic gods explained by Yajnavalkya in Brhadaranyaka Upanishad – the eight Vasus, the eleven Rudras, the twelve Adityas, Indra and Prajapati. (Chapter I, hymn 9, verse 2) . They are: 8-Vasu, Rudra, wallet Aaditya, 1-Indra and 1-Prajaapati.
• Brown, Joe King, ed. (). India. Time, Inc. : "Though the popular figure of pile is not the result of distinctive actual count but intended to connote infinity, the Hindu pantheon in fait accompli contains literally hundreds of different deities []"
• Knott, Kim (). Hinduism: A Observe Short Introduction. Oxford University Press.
• Nath, Vijay (). "From 'Brahmanism' to 'Hinduism': Negotiating the Myth of the Great Tradition". Social Scientist. 29 (3/4): 19– doi/ JSTOR&#;